Survival in Auschwitz by Primo Levi - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1434 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2018/12/29 Category Literature Essay Type Book review Level High school Did you like this example? Primo Levi was captured shortly after joining a small group of anti-Fascist partisans who were hiding in the forests of Italy. He was then sent to prison in Italy by the Fascists in 1943, then after a short period, all the prisoners captured by the Italian Jews were moved to Auschwitz concentration camp making their lives more miserable. For instance, Levi and other prisoners were brutally forced to do hard jobs in the detention camp. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Survival in Auschwitz by Primo Levi" essay for you Create order Moreover, he was performing tasks that were not even in his area of specialization of an educated chemist. Nonetheless, Levi survived all these problems of starvation, diseases, bone-numbing cold, and others. Nazis neglected the camp in 1945 due to constant bombing of the camp by the Soviet Union army. Also, Nazis took healthy prisoners with them while the sick ones were left to die in the camp. Levi was sick then so he was left behind in the camp with other prisoners as he was suffering from scarlet fever. The prisoners that were left behind took ten days before the Soviet army rescued them after a lot of suffering in the cold and dead bodies increasing as the conditions kept on becoming bad. The survival at Auschwitz needs exclusion of human dignity and self-respect as the act of continuous acts that are inhuman makes to lose the respect for other peoples lives but look for ways for their survival (Levi, 45). The kind of injustices that they went through made them look for surviving tactics by not being able to separate between whats right and wrong since what mattered to them is how to survive. Retaining mental stability was difficult in the camp since they were facing a sense of hopelessness and certain death is what was waiting for the prisoners. Moreover, in the camp, they were not only subjected to physical torture but also mental torture as suffering became the order of the day (Levi, 59). Concentrating too much on the injustices at the camp was pointless as the only thing one needed was to adapt to the problems that they were facing to survive the horrific incidences in camp. The camp was like a warehouse for keeping people as slaves for torturing and also given the worst treatment. Levi (67) argued that for any individual held in the camp to retain their normal mental conditions one needed a distractor or distracting situation. Moreover, to hide and forget the suffering that they were going through as without that one will be dead mentally in the camp. Also, dwelling so much on the problems that they were going through like hunger, physical assaults, and other injustices will only lead one to continued mental torture. Nonetheless, to avoid this one would give themselves little hope of survival as they had survived the cold during winter made them retain their mental condition with hopes of having a better future. Moreover, their main problem was now hunger as the cold was over and they held little hope of surviving all these problems even though the chances were minimal. The prisoners developed resistance for the cold that was biting them all through the winter by developing the distracting features. They were able to distract themselves cold, hunger and physical beating that in the Lager. They developed this trait by majoring in the material care with the hope that conditions will improve (Levi, 60). The prisoners were able to withstand their suffering by forgetting their problems this made them ease the severe problems that they were undergoing with the long for justice for them in the future. The book talks about a story of a man by the name Elias who developed surviving tactics by becoming mad to adapt to the system and do not end up losing his mind (Peter, 84). Moreover, madness made him work without complaining hence he was able to survive for long without being affected by neither hunger nor the hard tasks that they do. Elias does not quest for justice hence work without any lamentation hence made him not to deteriorate mentally. For one to survive in Auschwitz one need to adapt mentally to the harsh conditions thereby able to survive the hunger, disease, and the coldness that was much in the area. For any individual to survive physical assaults in Auschwitz done to them through forced labor and physical beatings and other horrific conditions one needs to adapt to this injustices by making them motivating factor (Freud, 24). By making these negative conditions positive one will not complain about them but focus on how to survive as they quest for justice to prevail for them. Even if the situation worsens, one should remain focused in order not to be distracted by the suffering but motivated by them to overcome them. In becoming resistant to these problems, one needs to be blind to assume that they do not see any of the physical assault like beatings when carrying the load. Life in the camp was difficult, and for any individual to survive, one must forget about the human rights and their existence. The kind of sleep that the prisoners had did not go according to Levi as they were sleeping on the wood hedge without moving a single inch to prevent problems from the neighbors in the Lager. Since if one laments the suffering they were going through could only worsen the situation, however, the prisoners needed a motivating factor by being resistant to the challenges that they were going through and adapt to them positively to survive (Peter, 84). The Lager society does not care about the human morality therefore for one to survive one needs to embrace each others social and behavioral needs. For instance, Levi says that thousands of people are locked in a camp fenced by barbed wire, and they have varying ages, language, culture, and customs. Also, they live a controlled life regularly and fewer survival conditions. To survive one needs to know what is impor tant and advantageous. In relevance to human suffering, Sigmund Freud works on Civilization, and its Discontents provides an appropriate reference. The book Civilization and its Discontents is influential as presents tension between individual and civilization (Peter, 83). The book dwells on the conflict of the individuals desire to live or wish to die. In his belief, a successful psychoanalytic treatment would lead to decreased suffering. The psychoanalytic treatment would as well provide individuals with tools to overcome pain. Initially, his work aimed to come up with a mind theory that was broad enough to cater for the fluctuations of human pain and suffering. In this regard, individuals are hardwired to avoid pain and to pursue pleasure. The theory majors on an instinctual drive that is essential for motivation and pain immunity. According to Freud (23), the theory works by discharging the instincts into the environment. The instincts there after going against societal expectations while maximizing pleasure and suppressing antisocial underpinnings. Freud states that bringing repressed into consciousness is important in classical psychoanalytic treatment. Regarding human nature, the minimization of suffering is through by making the repressed conscious. However, it must be well timed and accurate. I must as well note that suffering is unavoidable completely. The suffering experienced in the book exceptional in normal scenarios. It is, however, a fact because there were survivors who lived to record the happenings. There is then the question of they managed to overcome the extreme life conditions they underwent in the abandoned camp. According to the explanation of Freud concerning suffering, brain played a big role in ensuring they survived. Owing to the point that the survivors had reached an extent that they could somehow wish for their death. Elias is seen to turn mad to survive harsh living condition is proof that if the brain is tuned to focus on the pleasure instead of the suffering one can overcome suffering. Freud explains this by arguing that to overcome human suffering, one has to send positive instincts about life to his environment. The instincts will help in coming up with survival mechanisms that will then be applied in life aspects to ensure one survives harsh environmental conditions. Works Cited Freud, Sigmund, civilization, and its discontents (2016) Dover thrift editions Levi, Primo, and S. J. Woolf. Survival in Auschwitz: If This Is a Man / Primo Levi; Translated from the Italian by Stuart Woolf. New York: Orion Press; [s.l.]: BN Pub., c2008., 2008. Levi, Primo, Survival in Auschwitz (1996) touchstone editions Peter L, Kraus. The Issue of Survival and the Human Condition in Primo Levis Survival in Auschwitz as Interpreted through the Oxford English Dictionary. Journal of Arts and Humanities, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 83-85 (2017), no. 3, 2017, p. 83.

What Is Panel Data in Economic Research

Panel data, also known as longitudinal data or cross-sectional time series data in some special cases, is data that is derived from a (usually small) number of observations over time on a (usually large) number of cross-sectional units like individuals, households, firms, or governments. In the disciplines of econometrics and statistics, panel data refers to multi-dimensional data that generally involves measurements over some period of time. As such, panel data consists of researchers observations of numerous phenomena that were collected over several time periods for the same group of units or entities. For example, a panel data set may be one that follows a given sample of individuals over time and records observations or information on each individual in the sample. Basic Examples of Panel Data Sets The following are very basic examples of two panel data sets for two to three individuals over the course of several years in which the data collected or observed includes income, age, and sex: Panel Data Set A Person Year Income Age Sex 1 2013 20,000 23 F 1 2014 25,000 24 F 1 2015 27,500 25 F 2 2013 35,000 27 M 2 2014 42,500 28 M 2 2015 50,000 29 M Panel Data Set B Person Year Income Age Sex 1 2013 20,000 23 F 1 2014 25,000 24 F 2 2013 35,000 27 M 2 2014 42,500 28 M 2 2015 50,000 29 M 3 2014 46,000 25 F Both Panel Data Set A and Panel Data Set B above show the data collected (the characteristics of income, age, and sex) over the course of several years for different people. Panel Data Set A shows the data collected for two people (person 1 and person 2) over the course of three years (2013, 2014, and 2015). This example data set would be considered a  balanced panel  because each person is observed for the defined characteristics of income, age, and sex each year of the study. Panel Data Set B, on the other hand, would be considered an  unbalanced panel  as data does not exist for each person each year. Characteristics of person 1 and person 2 were collected in 2013 and 2014, but person 3 is only observed in 2014, not 2013 and 2014.   Analysis of Panel Data in Economic Research There are two distinct sets of information that can be derived from cross-sectional time series data. The cross-sectional component of the data set reflects the differences observed between the individual subjects or entities whereas the time series component which reflects the differences observed for one subject over time. For instance, researchers could focus on the differences in data between each person in a panel study and/or the changes in observed phenomena for one person over the course of the study (e.g., the changes in income over time of person 1 in Panel Data Set A above). It is panel data regression methods that permit economists to use these various sets of information provided by panel data. As such, analysis of panel data can become extremely complex. But this flexibility is precisely the advantage of panel data sets for economic research as opposed to conventional cross-sectional or time series data. Panel data gives researchers a large number of unique data points, which increases the researchers degree of freedom to explore explanatory variables and relationships.

Most Noticeable Film Student Scholarship Essay Samples

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Why It Is Important to Develop a Sustainable City free essay sample

Firstly, the main feature of urbanisation is high population density, which may cause a series of problems such as the boom of squatter settlements and urban sprawl if the city has not been designed in a sustainable way. For instance, a large number of high-rise apartment has been constructed in urban areas for large scales of dwellers when the some ecocities were designed.Simultaneously, the authorities of these cities also provide basic sources and services for those who are living in the squatter settlements so that these residents could afford themselves and the environment of the slum will also be improved. Compared to merely dismantling the shanty houses which will cause the appearance of another new slum areas and even worse living conditions, what the governments in ecocities do has coped with the problems of urban space caused by urbanisation.Secondly, lack of urban transport, considered as a big challenge in the ordinary megapolis , can also be solved in a relative effectiv e way in a sustainable city. We will write a custom essay sample on Why It Is Important to Develop a Sustainable City or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More precisely, the reasonable plan of public transport is the best method to decline the automobile dependence in megacities. For example, a huge transit center has been established in Hong-Kong in order to avoid the dwellers reliance on private vehicle.It is estimated that the metro has covered every section of Hong-Kong and even residents living in the edge of Hong-Kong could spend only 40 minutes to the urban area. Actually, the usage of vehicles in Hong-Kong is far lower than that in any other megacities even if there is no restriction on the usage of automobile and the gasoline price is also low in Hong-Kong. Obviously, the gigantic network could not be set up after the urbanisation formed. Thus, it is necessary to develop sustainable cities to prevent the possible urbanisation